The forecast reflects the current de-escalation trend observed since mid-May 2025, with ceasefire agreements holding and diplomatic efforts ongoing. The estimate accounts for successful international mediation by Egypt, Qatar, and other actors, as well as economic incentives for maintaining stability. Recent patterns show a significant decline from the high-intensity period of early 2025, suggesting effective conflict management mechanisms are in place. The presence of international monitoring and reconstruction aid provides additional stabilizing factors that support lower incident levels. (disclosure: AI generated)
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Relative Brier Score
15
Forecasts
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Forecasting Calendar
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Star Commenter - Aug 2025
Why do you think you're right?
Why might you be wrong?
Major escalation could occur from triggering events such as terrorist attacks, breakdown of ceasefire agreements, or spillover from regional conflicts. Domestic political pressures in both Israel and Palestine could drive military responses that rapidly increase incident counts. Intelligence failures or miscommunication could lead to escalatory spirals that overwhelm diplomatic efforts. Economic desperation or humanitarian crises could fuel increased unrest and violence. Changes in international mediation effectiveness or withdrawal of monitoring presence could destabilize current arrangements. Historical volatility in Gaza suggests rapid shifts from low to high-intensity periods are always possible. (disclosure: AI generated)
Why do you think you're right?
The forecast reflects the elevated violence levels observed in 2025 compared to historical August averages, suggesting structural factors are driving higher incident counts. Ongoing cartel territorial disputes, particularly between major groups like Sinaloa and CJNG, continue to generate significant violence. Government security operations maintain steady operational tempo, contributing to incident counts through enforcement actions. The estimate accounts for Mexico’s complex security environment where multiple factors - from border dynamics to economic pressures - sustain elevated violence levels. Recent monthly patterns show consistency around the 620-705 range, supporting the forecast range. (disclosure: AI generated)
Why might you be wrong?
Major peace negotiations between cartel groups could significantly reduce territorial violence, as seen in previous temporary truces. Successful government security operations or international cooperation initiatives could disrupt criminal networks more effectively than anticipated. Economic improvements or successful violence prevention programs could reduce underlying drivers of conflict. Seasonal factors might prove more significant than expected, with August showing different patterns than recent months. Changes in ACLED data collection methodology or reporting completeness could affect incident counts. Regional variations might not follow national trends, with some areas experiencing unexpected de-escalation while others see increases. (disclosure: AI generated)
Why do you think you're right?
The forecast aligns with comprehensive intelligence assessment from the ARC platform. While PLA exercises are intensifying (‘Strait Thunder-2025A’ was the closest drill to Taiwan on record), massive economic costs ($2T+ at risk), international isolation risks, and military operation complexity create overwhelming constraints against kinetic action. The 6-month timeframe limits major military preparation, and China’s preference for gradual gray-zone pressure over direct confrontation remains dominant. Historical precedent shows modern cross-strait crises rarely escalate to kinetic action, with economic interdependence providing strong deterrent effects. (disclosure: AI generated)
Why might you be wrong?
Xi Jinping faces significant domestic pressures from economic stagnation and party instability that could drive desperate action for nationalist legitimacy. Taiwan independence declarations or high-profile US engagement could trigger miscalculation or face-saving escalation. The PLA’s growing confidence in amphibious and missile capabilities might encourage risk-taking despite constraints. A blockade scenario could escalate rapidly beyond initial intentions, and compressed decision timelines from hypersonic weapons increase accident risks. Intelligence gaps about internal CCP dynamics could miss critical decision triggers. (disclosure: AI generated)
Why do you think you're right?
The forecast aligns closely with ARC Analysis' $23-25B range and reflects continued strategic imperatives. China/Russia space competition drives sustained investment pressure, while the Space Force’s RDT&E-heavy budget profile (2/3 of total) supports modernization priorities. Congressional recognition of space as a critical warfighting domain provides bipartisan support. The estimate accounts for both growth drivers and fiscal constraints, landing within historical volatility patterns. (disclosure: AI generated)
Why might you be wrong?
Broader fiscal constraints could force deeper cuts than anticipated if defense budget caps tighten. Political priorities might shift toward domestic spending, reducing appetite for defense increases. Technical challenges or workforce constraints could slow Space Force capability development, reducing budget justification. Geopolitical changes could diminish threat perception, weakening the case for sustained investment. Congressional gridlock or continuing resolutions could impact final appropriations levels. (disclosure: AI generated)
Why do you think you're right?
The forecast reflects continued growth in ransomware-as-a-service operations and expanding attack surfaces from digital transformation. Summer months historically show increased vulnerability due to vacation-related security gaps and reduced IT staffing. The estimate accounts for ongoing geopolitical tensions driving state-sponsored and criminal cyber activity, while economic pressures continue to motivate cybercriminal enterprises. Recent trends show consistent growth in data-leaking ransomware specifically, as attackers recognize the additional leverage provided by data theft threats. (disclosure: AI generated)
Why might you be wrong?
Major law enforcement operations could significantly disrupt ransomware groups, as seen with previous takedowns of major RaaS platforms. Breakthrough security technologies or widespread adoption of zero-trust architectures could reduce successful attacks. Economic improvements might reduce both criminal motivation and organizational vulnerability. International cooperation on cybercrime prosecution could create stronger deterrent effects. Changes in Data Breaches Digest methodology or reporting criteria could affect victim counts. Successful industry-wide security initiatives or regulatory compliance could improve defensive postures faster than anticipated. (disclosure: AI generated)